These three scopes are defined by the GHG Protocol to help organizations categorize their emissions sources:

• Scope 1 – Direct emissions: Emissions from sources you own or control directly (e.g. company vehicles, on-site fuel combustion, industrial processes).
• Scope 2 – Indirect energy emissions: Emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, heating, cooling, or steam consumed by your organization.
• Scope 3 – Indirect value chain emissions: All other indirect emissions that occur in your value chain — from supplier activities to product use, business travel, employee commuting, waste, and more.

Scope 1 and 2 are typically easier to measure, while Scope 3 requires deeper data collection and supplier engagement — but is essential for understanding your full climate impact.

Carbon accounting enables companies to understand, manage, and reduce their environmental impact. It supports compliance with emerging regulations (like CBAM and CSRD), meets investor and stakeholder expectations, and strengthens climate-related disclosures (e.g. CDP, IFRS, SBTi). It also helps identify emission hotspots, cut costs, and build credibility in sustainability communications.

Measuring a carbon footprint involves three key steps:

1. Identify emission sources across your operations and value chain — including direct fuel use (Scope 1), purchased electricity (Scope 2), and upstream/downstream activities (Scope 3).
2. Collect activity data, such as utility bills, fuel records, procurement spend, or logistics volumes.
3. Apply emission factors from recognized databases (e.g. DEFRA, IPCC, Türkiye Ulusal Sera Gazı Emisyon Envanteri) to calculate total emissions in CO₂ equivalents.

To report your footprint:

• Organize emissions data by scope and category using frameworks like the GHG Protocol or ISO 14064.
• Report through voluntary platforms such as CDP questionnaires or include disclosures in mandatory reports under regulations like CSRD (or IFRS S2 where adopted).

With Carbondeck, measuring and reporting your footprint becomes a guided, automated process. Emission sources and activity data are uploaded or auto-extracted, then matched to the right scopes and emission factors by AI Agents. The Reporting Officer ensures all outputs are structured under recognized standards like the GHG Protocol or ISO 14064, and generates audit-ready reports or exports with a single prompt. Instead of chasing data and formatting disclosures, your team moves directly from raw files to credible, regulator-ready results.

Carbon management is a foundational pillar of any corporate sustainability strategy. It enables organizations to quantify their climate impact, set reduction targets, and demonstrate tangible progress toward environmental goals. When integrated effectively, it enhances ESG performance, supports credible disclosures (e.g. CDP, TCFD), and strengthens reputation with customers, partners, and investors.

Integration starts with calculating your carbon footprint across Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions. From there, companies can define reduction targets (e.g. SBTi), align actions with broader ESG and net zero commitments, and embed tracking into regular reporting cycles. Carbondeck simplifies this process by centralizing data, automating calculations, and ensuring outputs are audit ready and aligned with global standards.